In 1936, in the context of the impending Second World War, Poet Laureate Rabindranath Tagore, who was then in the twilight of his life, raised his voice against the barbarism of the forces of imperialism. Shocked by the invasion of Ethiopia in 1935, he
expressed his pain in his composition, "Africa”, from which I quote:
"Alas, shadowy Africa,
Under your black veil
Your human aspect remained unknown,
Blurred by the murk of contempt.
Others came with iron manacles
With clutches sharper than the claws of your own wild wolves:
Slavers came, with an arrogance
more benighted than your own dark jungles.
Civilization’s barbarous greed
Flaunted its naked inhumanity.
You wailed wordlessly, muddied the soil of your steamy jungles
With blood and tears;
The hobnailed boots of your violators
Stuck gouts of that stinking mud
Forever on your stained history”…….. (unquote)